Here are 10 frequently asked questions (FAQ) about HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP):
- What is HIV PEP?
- PEP stands for Post-Exposure Prophylaxis, which is emergency HIV prevention treatment taken within 72 hours after potential exposure to HIV. It involves taking antiretroviral medications to prevent infection.
- Who should take PEP?
- PEP is recommended for individuals who may have been exposed to HIV, such as through unprotected sex, sharing needles, or occupational exposures like needle-stick injuries (CMDT, 2021).
- When should PEP be started?
- PEP should be started as soon as possible, ideally within hours, but no later than 72 hours after exposure to be effective (CMDT, 2021).
- How long should PEP be taken?
- PEP typically involves taking antiretroviral medications for 28 days. It is crucial to complete the full course even if you feel well (CMDT, 2021).
- What medications are used in PEP?
- Common PEP regimens include a combination of antiretroviral drugs such as tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, emtricitabine, and either raltegravir or dolutegravir (CMDT, 2021).
- Can PEP be 100% effective?
- PEP is highly effective when started promptly and taken correctly, but it is not 100% guaranteed. The effectiveness depends on factors like the timing of initiation and adherence to the regimen.
- What are the side effects of PEP?
- Common side effects may include nausea, fatigue, headaches, and diarrhea. Severe side effects are rare but can include liver toxicity. Always consult a healthcare provider if side effects are severe.
- Can PEP be taken if I am pregnant or breastfeeding?
- Yes, but it should be done under medical supervision to ensure safety for both the mother and the baby. The benefits of preventing HIV often outweigh the risks (CMDT, 2021).
- What if I need PEP more than once?
- It is possible to take PEP more than once if there are repeated exposures, but it is essential to discuss this with a healthcare provider to assess the risks and benefits.
- Can PEP be used as regular protection against HIV?
- No, PEP is not a substitute for regular prevention methods like condoms, PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis), or abstaining from high-risk behaviors. It is only for emergency situations (CMDT, 2021).
Source Citation:
- CMDT (Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment). (2021). Chapter 42, HIV Infection.