- What is a headache?
- A headache is pain that occurs in any region of the head, including the scalp, face, and neck. It can be a symptom of many different conditions, ranging from benign to life-threatening.
- 2. What are the common types of headaches?
- Common types include:
- Tension-type headaches (most prevalent)
- Migraine (often with aura or without)
- Cluster headaches (severe, one-sided pain)
- Sinus headaches (associated with sinus pressure)
- Medication-overuse headaches (caused by frequent use of pain medications)
- 3. What causes headaches?
- Causes vary widely and may include:
- Stress or tension
- Dehydration or hunger
- Lack of sleep
- Caffeine withdrawal
- Eye strain or vision problems
- Sinus infections
- Brain injuries or tumors (rare, but serious)
- 4. When should I see a doctor for a headache?
- Seek medical attention if:
- Headache is sudden and severe ("thunderclap")
- Accompanied by fever, stiff neck, confusion, or seizures
- Follows a head injury
- Worsens over time or is persistent
- Associated with vision changes or weakness
- 5. How are headaches diagnosed?
- Diagnosis involves:
- Detailed medical history and symptom description
- Physical and neurological examination
- Imaging (CT/MRI) if secondary causes are suspected
- Blood tests for infections or metabolic issues
- 6. What are the treatments for headaches?
- Treatments depend on the type:
- Over-the-counter pain relievers (e.g., ibuprofen, acetaminophen)
- Prescription medications (e.g., triptans for migraines)
- Lifestyle changes (stress management, hydration, sleep)
- Preventive medications (e.g., beta-blockers, antidepressants)
- 7. Can stress cause headaches?
- Yes, stress is a common trigger for tension-type headaches and migraines. Relaxation techniques, exercise, and therapy can help manage stress-related headaches.
- 8. Are headaches hereditary?
- Some types, like migraines, often run in families. Genetics may play a role, but environmental factors also contribute.
- 9. Can diet affect headaches?
- Yes, certain foods (e.g., aged cheeses, processed meats, alcohol) can trigger migraines in some people. Keeping a food diary may help identify triggers.
- 10. What is a migraine?
- A migraine is a recurrent, throbbing headache often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light/sound. It may be preceded by an aura (visual or sensory disturbances).
- 11. How is a migraine different from a tension headache?
- Migraines are usually more severe, pulsating, and unilateral, while tension headaches are often bilateral, pressing, and mild to moderate.
- 12. What is a cluster headache?
- A cluster headache is a severe, one-sided pain around the eye or temple, often with tearing, nasal congestion, or sweating. Attacks occur in clusters over weeks or months.
- 13. Can headaches be a sign of a brain tumor?
- Rarely, but persistent, worsening headaches—especially if associated with neurological symptoms—should be evaluated to rule out serious causes like tumors.
- 14. How can I prevent headaches?
- Prevention strategies include:
- Regular sleep and meals
- Hydration and limited caffeine
- Stress management (yoga, meditation)
- Avoiding known triggers (e.g., specific foods, bright lights)
- Prevention strategies include:
- 15. When is a headache an emergency?
- Seek immediate care if a headache is:
- Sudden and severe (possible aneurysm or stroke)
- Accompanied by weakness, numbness, or speech difficulties (possible stroke)
- After a head injury (possible concussion or bleeding)
- With high fever, stiff neck, or confusion (possible meningitis)
- Seek immediate care if a headache is:
Rationale: These FAQs cover the most common concerns about headaches, from causes and types to diagnosis and management. They emphasize when to seek medical help and provide practical prevention tips.